How to treat gallstones
Gallstones are a common digestive system disease. In recent years, with the changes in people's lifestyles, their incidence has increased year by year. Among the hot topics on the Internet in the past 10 days, treatment methods, preventive measures and patient cases of gallstones have been highly discussed. This article will give you a detailed introduction to the treatment of gallstones based on the latest hot topics and medical knowledge.
1. Causes and symptoms of gallstones
Gallstones are mainly formed in the gallbladder or bile duct from cholesterol, bile pigments, or a mixture of these components. The following are common symptoms:
| Symptom type | Specific performance |
|---|---|
| Typical symptoms | Severe pain in the right upper quadrant (biliary colic), nausea, and vomiting |
| atypical symptoms | Bloating, indigestion, discomfort after meals |
| serious complications | Jaundice, fever (cholecystitis), pancreatitis |
2. Diagnostic methods of gallstones
The diagnosis of gallstones requires a combination of clinical manifestations and medical examinations:
| Check method | Advantages | limitations |
|---|---|---|
| abdominal ultrasound | Non-invasive, low price, high accuracy | The detection rate of bile duct stones is low |
| CT scan | Assessable complications | Low sensitivity to cholesterol stones |
| MRCP | Non-invasive visualization of the bile duct system | higher cost |
3. Treatment options for gallstones
According to the hot discussion on the Internet, there are currently several main ways to treat gallstones:
| Treatment | Applicable situations | Advantages and Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Conservative treatment | asymptomatic stones | No need for surgery but risk of recurrence |
| drug dissolution | Cholesterol stones | Long treatment course (6-24 months), high recurrence rate |
| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy | Single stone <2cm | Requires medication and may cause complications |
| laparoscopic surgery | Obvious symptoms or complications | Minimally invasive, quick recovery, requires 3-5 days of hospitalization |
| laparotomy | complex cases | Big trauma but clear vision |
4. Emerging treatment methods that are hotly discussed on the Internet
In the past 10 days of online discussions, the following emerging therapies have received widespread attention:
1.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Especially suitable for bile duct stones, stone removal and stent placement can be performed at the same time.
2.gallbladder-preserving lithotomy: The gallbladder is preserved and only the stones are removed, but its indications and recurrence rate are still controversial in the medical community.
3.Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy: Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions such as Desmodium and Gallus gallus gallus that are popular on the Internet must be used under the guidance of a doctor.
5. Preventive measures for gallstones
According to the latest medical advice and discussions among netizens, you need to pay attention to the following to prevent gallstones:
| prevention direction | Specific measures |
|---|---|
| diet modification | Eat a low-fat diet, eat regularly, and drink plenty of water |
| weight management | Avoid rapid weight loss and keep your BMI between 18.5-23.9 |
| exercise habits | Aerobic exercise 3-5 times a week, 30 minutes each time |
| Regular physical examination | Annual abdominal ultrasound examination is recommended for people over 40 years old |
6. Answers to Frequently Asked Questions by Patients
1.Is surgery necessary for gallstones?Patients who are asymptomatic and have no complications can be observed. If symptoms are present, surgery is recommended.
2.How to adjust your diet after surgery?Follow a low-fat diet within 1 month after the operation and gradually return to a normal diet.
3.Can gallstones become cancerous?Long-term chronic inflammation may increase the risk of cancer and requires regular follow-up.
4.What should pregnant women do if they suffer from gallstones?Conservative treatment is preferred; in severe cases, surgery can be performed in the second trimester.
Conclusion
There are various treatments for gallstones, and the choice depends on the specific situation. Hot online discussions show that more and more patients are paying attention to minimally invasive and bile-preserving treatments, but the medical community still emphasizes the importance of standardized diagnosis and treatment. It is recommended that patients seek medical treatment promptly and choose the most suitable treatment plan under the guidance of a professional doctor.
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